diabetes during pregnancy is a big topic and super important to manage closely for a healthy outcome. There are two main types involved:
1. Pre-existing Diabetes
Type 1 : Autoimmune, insulin-dependent
Type 2 : Often linked to weight and lifestyle; may or may not require insulin
Develops during pregnancy, usually in the 2nd or 3rd trimester
Often goes away after delivery, but raises the risk of developing Type 2 later
If not well controlled, diabetes can increase the risk of:
Macrosomia (big baby → harder delivery, C-section)
Preterm birth
Preeclampsia
Stillbirth
Birth defects (especially with pre-existing diabetes)
Neonatal hypoglycemia (baby's blood sugar drops after birth)